Reading Maps and Charts
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What you will learn
- 1Read a simple map using its title, key, labels, and compass directions
- 2Identify the four compass directions (N, S, E, W) and where North sits on most maps
- 3Read a simple tally chart to find and compare information
Mini Lesson
Maps and charts are special types of nonfiction texts. Instead of sentences, they use pictures, symbols, and numbers to show information. Knowing how to read them is a powerful real-world skill.
How to read a MAP
- Title — tells you what place the map shows.
- Key (or legend) — explains what the symbols and colors on the map mean. Always read the key before you explore the map!
- Labels — the words on the map that name streets, buildings, or areas.
- Compass — shows direction: N (North), S (South), E (East), W (West). North is usually at the top.
- Reading a map: find the key → find the symbol → find it on the map → read the label.
How to read a CHART
- A chart organizes information in rows and columns.
- Read the title first to know what it is about.
- Read the column headers — they tell you what each column means.
- Find the row you need, then read across to find the answer.
- A tally chart uses marks (||||) to count things quickly.
Words to know
Map
A drawing of a place seen from above, using symbols and labels
e.g. A neighborhood map showing the school, park, and library.
Key
A small box that explains what each symbol or color on the map means
e.g. A blue square means school; a green area means park.
Compass
A tool that shows the four directions: N, S, E, and W
e.g. North is at the top of the compass.
Chart
A way of organizing information in rows and columns
e.g. A weather tally chart: sunny 5 days, rainy 3 days, cloudy 2 days.
Tally
A mark ( | ) used to count one of something in a tally chart
e.g. |||| counts as four. A fifth mark drawn across the four makes five.
Ask yourself: "What does the title tell me? What does the key mean? Which row, column, or bar has my answer?"
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